Heating apparatus



A. c. IONIDES, JR.-

HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, I919.

. Patented Aug. m, 1920.

ATTTURNEY earner enema HEATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patgflted n, 192

Application fi led March 31, 1919. Serial No. 286,451.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXAN ER CONSTAN- TINE Iomnns, unior, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 3 Porchester Terrace, London, XV. 2, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to appliances for raising the temperature of substances, as for example, boiling or evaporating liquids, by combustion of a gaseous mixture.

hen consuming a gaseous mixture of a combustible and supporter of combustion, say for example, coal gas and air, difliculties are experienced in initiating and continuing the reaction as the proportions in the mixture more closely approach those necessary for complete combustion without substantial residue of oxygen or any of the combustible elements, and althougha mixture of ordinary coal gas and air will burn in the atmosphere say up to a proportion of not less than one of gas and three of air, when an attempt is made to utilize weaker mixtures, great difficulty is experienced unless theissuinget of mixture is surrounded by or impinges upon a considerable body of heat insulating material, the temperature of which has first been raised by combustion of a richer mixture.

The object of the present invention isto provide simple and efiicient means for .burning a correctly. proportioned mixture and transmitting the heat generated thereby to the matter which is to be heated.

The invention consists in a burner for consuming a gaseous mixture correctly proportioned for complete combustion without additional air or substantial residue of a constituent of combustion in which a tube or nozzle of nonconducting or heat insulatingmaterial, as tor example silica glass, is provided with a conical, flared, or like diverging orifice or mouthpiece in which the combustion. reaction is originated and continued.

The invention further consists in a heating appliance for consuming gaseous mixtures, said appliance comprising a liquid containing space formed between two concentric members connected at their lower extremities and the inner of which has a closed upper end positioned below thelevel of the liquid and inclosing a burner consuming a gaseous mixture proportioned for complete combustion without substantial residue of a constituent of combustion.

The invention further consists in a gaseous fuel combustion apparatus comprising a heating appliance and burner as indicated, said apparatus being arranged to consume a mixture of say, gas and air, supplied at constantly related pressures, and. mixed closely adjacent to the combustion zone preferably by a vortex or whirling motion.

The invention further consists in providing a burner as indicated with a domed or like shield carried upon the periphery of the flanged mouthpiece, suitable apertures being provided whereby the products of combustion together with any burning mixture escape in any desired direction.

The invention further consists in a heatingapparatus as indicated, in which the heat supplying medium flows from the burner down the inner tubular member and then upward around the outer tubular member, after which it passes downward through an encircling jacketing space and escapes to atmospheric pressure at a lower level than the combustion zone.

The invention also consists in the improvements in or relating to heating apparatus for consuming gaseous mixtures as hereinafter described.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings. I

Figure l isafvertical section through a burner and a form of heating appliance in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a modified form of burner.

In carrying the invention into effect as shown by way of example in the drawings, in a convenient torm suitable, for instance, for a small domestic or like heating apparatus, a burner arrangement a. and liquid containing element 7) are arranged within a double heat insulating shell 0.

7 when the liquid In the example illustrated the constituents for forming the gaseous mixture which may be taken as coal gas and air are led to the base of the apparatus by separate conduits (Z and c which enter a double elbow piece f and pass upward as parallel and closely adj acent tubes (1 and e to a mixing cavity so that the gaseous fluids on entering will adopt a whirling motion and become very intimately mixed together. i

V The burner tube h, as shown in Fig. 1, is constructed from silica glass and its lower end h is tapered and ground externally to fit accurately the tapered cavity g? in the mixing block g. The upper portion 7& of the burner tube is opened out or flared into a trumpet shape mouthpiece, and within this portion h the combustion zone originates. The flared mouthpiece 1? extended around its outer periphery to form a semi-spherical or domed shield 7? around which apertures 7L are provided either in the periphery of the dome itself, or in the outer portion of the flared mouthpiece k to allow the products of combustion and any mixture which. may still be burning to readily escape from the combustion zone, said apertures .being of any desired number and pointing horizontally or in a downwardor upward direction, as may be most suitable for the position in which the burner is placed.

The liquid containing vessel b is, formed of two concentrictubular members 6, 6 which are connected together around their bottom edges by the portion 2)? to form an annular liquid containing space, the inner member being closed at its upper end by the portion Z) which does not reach the top of the vessel, and is positioned at such a level that it is covered by liquid prior to the vessel becoming filled. The vessel in the em bodiment illustrated is provided with a readily removable lid '5 and handle 3' and re sembles an ordinary saucepan with a wide flanged upper edge 6 by means of which it is supported in the double shell 0; the bottom being hollowed up in a bell-like form within which the burner of the apparatus is situated closely adjacent to the top thereof containing vessel is in its proper position in the shell.

The double heat insulating shell 0 is formed of a hollow cylinder 7:: of metal or other suitable material having a bottom Z and lined throughout with asbestos or like refractory heat retaining substancem, within which an innerconcentric receptacle n is supported upon screwsn' passing through may be, as shown,

flange of the liquid containing vessel 6 will rest upon and form a substantially tight joint with the upper edge of the asbestos or the like m.

The outer metal container is, J," of the double shell 0 is preferably supported upon three or any other convenient number of feet 0, raising it above any support upon which it is standing a suflicient distance to allow of rubber tubes of like flexible connections being made to the gas and air pipes d, e. v 1

The vertical pipes d, e and the mixer block 9 are covered by a tightlyfitting tube or sleeve arfastened to the bottom Z by means of-the plate a to which it is attached and to which isalso fastened the double elbow f bymeans ofthe screw f.' The inner receptacle n is. provided with a central hole for slipping over the tube a by means of which it is held concentrically within the outer shell. i I

When using the apparatus the liquid container b, is removed and the gas being turned on in excess the mixture is ignited and the air and gas supplies adjusted until the mixture burns within the coned or flared end if of the burner h, the products of combustion escaping through the orificesh hereinbefore described. The liquid container is then replaced and covering the burner andreaching down nearly to the bottom ofthe inner receptacle a forms an inclosuredown' which the products of combustion flow. Upon reaching thebottom b of the liquid container the products of combustion flow'outward to the walls of the inner receptacle a upwhich they flow in contact with the outer surface 5 ofthe liquid container, until they reach the upper edge of the inner receptacle a when they are deflected by the flange of the liquid container and pass downward again through the annular space between two or more parts. In thisconstruction a or similar substance in tube 9 is first constricted to a point g" and then flared or coned to its extreme end 9 combustion originating and continuing within the flared portion. 7 e I The'tube maybe provided with a domed shield or cover screwed or otherwise attached thereto, the cover being provided with apertures g in the same manner as the burner hereinbetore described. In some cases where it is desired to turn the heat in an upward direction, a pan or dish having a central hole may be provided to surround the burner-and beclipped between the two portions, said pan being prefs erably protected by a metal casing 8 upon the exterior surface thereof.

Heating elements or liquid containers such as b and comprising the inner and outer tubular members b, 6 may be made of any convenient length to provide suflicient heating surfaces to completely extract the heat from the products of combustion, the burner in such cases being made of suitable length to extend to the closed top 6 of the inner tubular member, and such heating element may be used singly or in any desired numbers with or without concentric inner receptacles such as n for deflecting the products of combustion upward again.

The form of burner and tubular heating elements hereinbefore described may be used in connection with any form of heating apparatus and modifications in the construction and arrangements may be introduced without in any way departing from the spirit of this invention.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, an outlet passage from said cavity formed of refractory material, a gradually flared mouthpiece forming an unobstructed orifice to said passage in which combustion is facilitated by reason of the heat conserving properties of the surrounding wall and a heat transferring partition in close proximity to said mouthpiece.

2. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, an outlet passage from said cavity formed of refractory material, a gradually flared mouthpiece terminating said passage and forming a combustion chamber, a domed cover to said chamber with apertures to permit the escape of the heating medium and a heat transferring partition in close proximity to said mouthpiece.

8. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, an outlet passage from said ca ity formed of retractory material, a gradually flared mouthpiece terminating said passage and forming a combustion chamber, a domed cover to said chamber with apertures to permit the escape of the heating medium, a hollowed member such as a pan positioned below said apertures to deflect the heating medium in an upward direction and a heat transferring partition in close proximity to said mouthpiece.

4. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, an outlet passage from said cavity formed of retractory material, a gradually flared mouth piece terminating said passage and forming a combustion chamber and a domed heat transferring partition around the lower extremity of which the heating medium escapes enveloping said mouthpiece.

5. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, an outlet passage from said cavity formed of refractory material, a gradually flared mouthpiece terminating said passage and forming a combustion chamber, a domed heat transferring partition around the lower extremity of which the heating medium escapes enveloping said mouthpiece, a continuation of said heat transferring partition connected to and enveloping said domed partition, a deflecting baflie directing the heating medium up and over said continuation of the partition and a jacketing space down which the heating medium finally flows to an outlet positioned below the level of the combustion chamber.

6. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, a smooth outwardly tapering extension of said cavity and a silica glass or like tubular member accurately fitting said extension and having a gradually flared mouthpiece forming an unobstructed combustion orifice.

7. In combination in a device for generating heat by substantially complete gaseous combustion, a mixing cavity from which the surrounding air is excluded, separate conduits delivering supplies of two gaseous fluids such as gas and air thereto, a smooth outwardly tapering extension of said cavity, a silica glass or like tubular member accurately fitting said extension and having a gradualiy flared mouthpiece forming an imohstructed combustion chamber, a dome covering said chamber with apertures to permit the escape of the heating medium in a downward direction and. an enveloping heat transmitting partition upon which said heating medium is directed V 10 In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

- ALEXANDER CONSTAN'IINE IONIDES (Junta 

